| Authors |
Karpova Galina Alekseevna, Doctor of agricultural sciences, associate professor, head of sub-department of general biology and biochemistry, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: pollylina@mail.ru
Teplitskaya Dar'ya Gennad'evna, Assistant, sub-department of general biology and biochemistry, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: egf-kaf-bot@yandex.ru
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| Abstract |
Background. The implementation of the program of genetic development of any plant is performed through multiple ties between physiological and biochemical processes and different organs that ensure their interaction, ecological adaptation as well as the implementation of epigenetic functions. The activation of morphophysiological functions of a plant applying external stimulation may have a significant impact on their productivity. The aim of the research is to study the impact of synthetic growth regulators on soft spring wheat and barley plants growth and biochemical processes under pre-seeding growth-regulating chemical treatment in Penza region.
Materials and methods. The objects of the research are the plants of soft spring wheat Ekada 113 and spring barley Surskiy favorit. The following growth regulators were used (the consentration is also stated): ribav-Extra – 0,3 ml/l, epin-Extra – 0,5 ml/l, mival-Agro – 0,5 g/l, Crezacin – 1,0 ml/l. The strength of the hydrolitic enzymes in the seed during the process of germination, the process itself and seed germination capacity were studied under laboratory conditions. As for field experiments, here the research dealt with the analysis of the process of the formation of the leaf surface, wet weight and air-dry item of a single plant as well as pure photosynthetic potential in agrocenosis.
Results. The treatment of wheat and barley seeds with growth regulators causes the activation of metabolic processes during seed germination, which is marked by the data on total activity of α- and β-amylases, which corresponds to an increase in germination energy (by 6,90–8,34 and 6,50–8,85 % respectively) and laboratory germination (6,95–10,45 and 10,60–13,40 % respectively). On average, during a two-year research the assimilation surface of leaves of wheat plant was formed in the range from 61,40 to 94,67 cm2, barley plant – from 52,23 to 81,27 cm2. When using growth regulators in a paniculation stage, it increased by 41,7–54,2 and 52,8–55,6 % respectively. Maximum values of wet weight of both plants were noted during the paniculation stage and of dry-air item during the milky stage. In the experimental variants, the indicators increased by 6,3–53,2 and 14,9–44,6 %. Photosynthetic potential of wheat plants ranged from 1221,15 thousand to 2073,67 thousand m2/ha and from 1058,71 thousand to 1808,31 thousand m2/ha for barley plants. Under the influence of growth regulators, it increased by 50,6–69,8 % (wheat) and by 65,6–70,8 % (barley). According to the experiment the net productive capacity of photosynthesis was 4,91–7,80 g/m2 per day.
Conclusions. The experiment proved the presence of changes in growth and photosynthetic functions of soft spring wheat Ekada 113 plants and barley Surskiy favorit plants under pre-seeding growth-regulating chemical treatment using ribav-Extra, mival-Agro and Сrezacin during ontogenesis.
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Key words
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growth regulators, total activity of α- and β-amylases, germination energy, laboratory germination, leaf surface area, wet weight, photosynthetic potential, net photosynthesis productivity
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| References |
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